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Yuri Slezkine
Yuri Slezkine (Russian: Юрий Львович Слёзкин; born February 7, 1956) is a Russian-born American historian, writer, and translator. He is a professor of Russian history and Director of the Institute of Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. He is best known as the author of the book ''The Jewish Century'' (2004). Slezkine holds a PhD from the University of Texas, Austin.
He originally trained as an interpreter in Moscow State University. His first trip outside the Soviet Union was in the late 1970s when he found work as a translator in Mozambique. He returned to Moscow to serve as a translator of Portuguese, and spent 1982 in Lisbon before emigrating to Austin, Texas the next year.
He is currently a W. Glenn Campbell and Rita Ricardo-Campbell National Fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution.
==Slezkine's theory of ethnic identity==
Slezkine characterizes the Jews (alongside other groups such as the Armenians, overseas Chinese, Gypsies) as a ''Mercurian'' people "specializ() exclusively in providing services to the surrounding food-producing societies," which he characterizes as ''Apollonians''. This division is, according to him, recurring in pre-20th century societies. With the exception of the Gypsies, these "Mercurian peoples" have all enjoyed great socioeconomic success relative to the average among their hosts, and have all, without exception, attracted hostility and resentment. A recurring pattern of the relationship between ''Apollonians'' and ''Mercurian'' people is that the social representation of each group by the other is symmetrical, for instance ''Mercurians'' see ''Apollonians'' as brutes while ''Apollonians'' see ''Mercurians'' as effeminate. ''Mercurians'' develop a culture of "purity" and "national myths" to cultivate their separation from the ''Apollonians'', which allows them to provide international services (intermediaries, diplomacy) or services that are taboo for the local ''Apollonian'' culture (linked to death, magic, sexuality or banking). Slezkine develops this thesis by arguing that the Jews, the most successful of these Mercurian peoples, have increasingly influenced the course and nature of Western societies, particularly during the early and middle periods of Soviet Communism, and that modernity can be seen as a transformation of ''Apollonians'' into ''Mercurians''.
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